1�Concept of talent The term “talent” can be interpreted in various ways. Academically, it refers to a shift in how people are managed in organizations. Rather than seeing employees as a cost, they are regarded as the most important resource. Under this approach, every member of the organization is considered talented and has unique strengths that can add value. Therefore, every individual has the potential to contribute to achieving the organization’s goals. The narrow approach defines talents as the top performers or high-potential individuals within an organization or group. They are considered special and not everyone within the organization is considered a talent. Talents make a significant contribution to the organization’s performance, either immediately or in the long term by demonstrating the highest potential. These individuals are often seen as high achievers or “the best.” Currently, there are various interpretations of what constitutes talent, but the overall agreement is that talented individuals possess exceptional abilities and consistently produce outstanding work that surpass expectations. Achieving this requires more than just innate talent - talent must be nurtured, trained, and applied to yield practical, positive outcomes for society. Talent is not an abstract concept, but rather a specific skill set associated with a particular job or profession that contributes to society and the nation. This means that talented individuals must embody moral qualities such as honesty, responsibility, tolerance, humility, politeness, and hard work, while also possessing high qualifications, skills, and professional expertise to excel in their respective fields. Looking at it from a different angle, talent can be defined as an individual or a group of people who possess exceptional abilities in a particular area of expertise, have extensive knowledge, and have the capability of assuming leadership positions, acting as experts, consultants, or solving problems that ordinary individuals cannot. The Vietnam Encyclopedia defines talent as “the most complete combination of certain abilities for a certain activity, helping people to achieve outstanding, new, and socially meaningful achievements”. To achieve remarkable accomplishments, innate factors alone are not enough. Talented individuals must train themselves, accumulate social knowledge, and emotional intelligence, and spread positive values within their community. Professor Dave Ulrich, from the University of Michigan, USA, has developed the 3C talent theory, in which he believes that Talent = Competence * Commitment * Contribution. Employees are considered competent if they have the relevant knowledge, skills, and values required for their current and future job positions. Good competence relies on three rights: the right skills, the right position, and the right job. In addition to capacity, commitment is essential, meaning that employees are willing to stick with, accompany, and devote themselves to the organization’s success. Some individuals may be skilled, intelligent, and proficient in their work, but without putting in the effort or doing their best, it is challenging to create value or make a meaningful and impactful contribution. During the process of human development and growth, there are three factors that can influence the formation and maturation of talents. These factors include the genetics of the family, the natural and social environment, and the individual’s personal qualities such as effort, adaptability, dynamism, and creativity. All three factors are interrelated and play a vital role in the development of a person’s intellectual and practical abilities, as well as their ethical values. However, to identify and recognize talent, a system must be in place that takes into account these factors: - -An individual’s intellectual capacity is measured by their intelligence, thinking ability, and generalization skills. They should possess the ability to judge events, make foresightful decisions, react quickly, remember things for a long time, and be flexible. Creativity is a crucial quality that should be displayed as well. It is a product of talented people who are sensitive, always seeking new knowledge, and can master new skills. To evaluate intellectual capacity, IQ measurement tools can be used.Practical capacity is another quality that should be considered alongside intellectual capacity. It involves mental capacity, willpower, social activities, communication skills, and the ability to complete tasks. Good communication skills, selecting valuable information, expressing problems concisely, and fact-finding skills are some of the essential practical competencies. Emotional quotient (EQ) measurement tools can be used to evaluate practical capacity. The individual’s 159
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