If we look back at the progress of previous public administrative reform (PAR) from 1993 to 2018, according to the National Program for Administrative Reform 2015-2018 (NPAR) (RGC 2015) and the World Bank (2020), Cambodia is seen to have achieved incremental progress across the period of reform. These key achievements include the national reconciliation and unification among the conflicting political fractions from 1993-1998, the strengthening foundation for civil service management Key reformsAmong the key reform agenda, public administration reform has been regarded as one of the cornerstones in achieving good governance as well as improving the livelihood of civil servants across the country. Public administration reform (PAR) is mainly interconnected with three reform programs such as National Program for Administrative Reform (NPAR) (under the supervision of the Council for Administrative Reform, and after 2013, under the supervision of Ministry of Civil Service and PAR Committee), Public Financial Management Reform Program (PFMRP) (under the supervision of Ministry of Economy and Finance and PFM Committee), and National Program for Decentralization and Deconcentration (D&D) (under the supervision of Ministry of Interior and National Committee for Decentralization and Deconcentration - NCDD). However, such PAR’s synergies among the three reform programs are closely cooperated only after 2013, especially after the new MCS has been established.Figure 3: Total Civil Servants at National and Subnational Levels in 2016Figure 3.1: Total Civil Servants at National and Subnational Levels in 2021Source: MCS(2016b) Source: MCS(2021) 47
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