of Civil Servant Candidates. From September 1, 2011, until December 31, 2012, the moratorium was in place. Agencies that failed to calculate their employee needs in a timely manner or omitted to do so were subjected to penalties, including the loss of the right to request additional employee candidate positions and restrictions on organizational development or expansion. The civil servant moratorium policy was estimated to save up to 30 percent of the state budget (Maharani, 2014). During President Joko Widodo’s administration in 2015, the moratorium was reintroduced following the issuance of the Minister of State Administration and Bureaucratic Reform’s letter, numbered B/2163/M.PAN/06/2015, concerning the Postponement of the Addition of ASN Employees in 2015. This decision was based on several considerations:a. Some ministries, institutions, and local governments have not completed their obligations in establishing organizational structures and position maps; determining employee needs based on the results of workload analysis calculations; providing accurate information on the number of civil sevant; submitting estimates of civil servants who will quit due to reaching the retirement age limit, moving agencies, as well as death and quitting (early retirement); and submitting excess or shortage of employees based on positions.b. Several government regulations on implementing the State Civil Apparatus Law have yet to be finalized.c. Initially, the moratorium on the recruitment of state civil apparatus candidates was planned to be implemented for five years. However, in 2017, the government opened the recruitment for state civil apparatus candidates with specific qualifications. Three things caused this: First, this recruitment was carried out to support President Jokowi’s Nawacita program. Second, some fields have been considered urgent needs, for example, the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency, which requires meteorological and geophysical observers. Third, looking at minus growth, many people are retiring, so it is necessary to add new employees so that public services are unrestricted (Abdulsalam, 2017). The moratorium policy set by the government is one of the policies that has received pros and cons in the community. This policy is considered to kill job opportunities in the government sector because civil servants are one of the professions that are still so attractive to the Indonesian people. Civil servants are guaranteed jobs with income stability and pension guarantees in old age. On the other hand, the moratorium is considered a way to control the number of civil servants in the hope of reorganizing the organization and staffing system in Indonesia and saving the government’s personnel budget. In 2014, the computer-assisted test designed and controlled by the National Civil Service Agency began to be used in selecting prospective civil servants. Test takers are given a sequence of random questions to respond in a set amount of time. Test results will be known immediately after the test time ends, unlike the previous selection system, where test takers had to wait for test results for months. The computer-assisted test selection system can save up to 60 percent of the budget compared to paper-based tests, so public services are expected to be of higher quality (The ASEAN Secretariat, 2021). The computer-assisted test-based selection system received the ASEAN Public Sector Organization of the Year award in 2014 and is considered by the World Bank to have made a significant contribution to the public sector in promoting accountability as well as transparency in the selection of candidates for civil servant positions, as well as being an example in Asian countries that have similar characteristics of applicants and bureaucracy in conducting similar selection processes (Center for Selection System Development, 2023). 68Recruitment and Selection One of the next reform agenda items is to improve ASN recruitment selection. To reduce fraud, collusion, and nepotism in ASN recruitment selection, the government introduced a computer-based test in 2013 that replaced the paper-based test. In this new system, all agencies carry out the registration process on one portal. The standard for passing the test has also been determined, making it easier for test takers to know directly whether they pass to the next stage or fail. Implementation of new employees: The government must provide a budget for the preparation of question papers, the cost of uploading question papers into the computer-assisted test system, and the cost of selection and testing.
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